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Tushuntiruvchi darslik matnini o‘qib tushunish uchun matn treyleriga asoslangan mediatopshiriqlarning nazariy-didaktik modeli
Maktab amaliyotida keng tarqalgan buktreyler metodikasi badiiy matnga mo‘ljallangan: uning ustuvor vazifasi kitobxonlikka qiziqish uyg‘otish va asarni talqin qilishdir. Tushuntiruvchi darslik matni bilan ishlash esa boshqa didaktik vazifani – tushuncha, munosabat va xulosadan iborat ma’no tuzilmasini saqlagan holda qayta ifodalashni talab qiladi. Mavjud tadqiqotlarda bu ziddiyat hal etilmagan: o‘quvchi yaratadigan qisqa video tushuntiruvchi darslik matnini o‘qib tushunishning mustaqil mazmuniy natija ko‘rsatkichi sifatida tekshirilmagan. Maqolaning maqsadi – buktreyler, o‘quv matnini tushunish, polikodli matn, ikkilamchi o‘quv matni, multimedia ta’limi, kognitiv yuklama va o‘quvchi yaratadigan videoga oid manbalarni uyg‘un tahlil qilish asosida tushuntiruvchi matn bilan ishlashga mos matn treyleri mediatopshiriqlarining nazariy-didaktik modelini ishlab chiqish. Ish nazariy-metodologik maqomga ega: unda qiyosiy-tipologik va tushunchaviy tahlil hamda pedagogik modellashtirish usullari qo‘llangan. Tadqiqotning asosiy natijasi quyidagilardan iborat: matn treylerining o‘lchanadigan chegaralarga ega ishchi ta’rifi berildi; uni yaqin tushunchalardan ajratish mezonlari asoslandi; uch guruhga birlashtirilgan sakkizta didaktik shart raqamlangan tizim sifatida ochib berildi; to‘qqiz bosqichli jarayon modeli har bir bosqichning nazariy tayanchi bilan tavsiflandi; treyler sifati va o‘qib tushunish natijasini ajratib baholaydigan ikki asosiy hamda uch qo‘shimcha obyektli baholash tartibi va mezonli rubrika taklif etildi. Model 6-sinf “Qadimgi dunyo tarixi” darsligidagi Nil vodiysi haqidagi parcha misolida ochib berildi. Natijalar nazariy xususiyatga ega va empirik tekshiruvni talab qiladi.
Umarov Bahrom
PhD, dotsent
The evolution of the esg concept and its role in the corporate governance of joint-stock companies
This article examines the evolution of the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) concept, its development from corporate social responsibility into a modern management instrument, and its role in the corporate governance of joint-stock companies. The environmental, social and governance dimensions of ESG are distinguished in terms of their substantive content. Drawing on stakeholder, agency, institutional and signaling theories, the article explains the mechanisms through which ESG may influence managerial decision-making, risk management, information transparency and long-term corporate value. Particular attention is paid to the principal challenges of ESG implementation in developing and transition economies, including weak institutional enforcement, concentrated ownership, fragmented reporting standards and divergence among ESG ratings. The article concludes by developing conceptual implications for integrating ESG into the corporate governance systems of joint-stock companies in Uzbekistan, with particular emphasis on transport enterprises.
Raxmatov Ziyodullo
PhD, dotsent
Ta’limda sun’iy intellekt: undan foydalanishning etik me’yorlari va akademik halollik
Generativ sun’iy intellekt (SI) vositalarining oliy ta’limda jadal ommalashuvi o‘qitish, baholash va ilmiy faoliyat samaradorligini oshirish bilan birga akademik halollik, mualliflik, shaffoflik, ma’lumotlar maxfiyligi hamda mustaqil fikrlash bilan bog‘liq yangi etik muammolarni yuzaga keltirmoqda. Mazkur tadqiqotning maqsadi oliy ta’limda SI’dan foydalanishning etik me’yorlari va akademik halollikni ta’minlash mexanizmlarini nazariy va empirik jihatdan baholash hamda Xalqaro Nordik Universiteti misolida institutsional siyosatni takomillashtirish bo‘yicha amaliy takliflar ishlab chiqishdan iborat. Tadqiqotda hujjatli va qiyosiy tahlil, shuningdek kesma dizayndagi miqdoriy so‘rovnoma usuli qo‘llanildi. Universitetning 11 bobdan iborat SI yo‘riqnomasi xalqaro va milliy etik doiralar bilan qiyoslandi; 318 nafar respondent - 210 talaba, 78 professor-o‘qituvchi va 30 ma’muriy xodim - ishtirokidagi so‘rovnoma 5 balli Likert shkalasi asosida tahlil qilindi.
Maksudov Mashxurbek
Katta o'qituvchi
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